For example, the average daily high in San Francisco in July and August is between 62 and 68 ☏ (17 and 20 ☌), and in Walnut Creek, some 20 miles (32 km) inland, the average daily high in July and August is 84 ☏ (29 ☌): a temperature gain of more than one degree (Fahrenheit) per mile. The temperature gradient between immediate coast and low-lying inland valleys in the south is about 7 ☏ (4 ☌) in winter, the coast being warmer, and in summer roughly 20 ☏ (11 ☌), the interior being warmer. Low-lying inland valleys, especially the Central Valley, have a hot-summer Mediterranean climate (Köppen Csa), with subtropical temperatures but a well-defined summer dry season and a foggy, rainy season in winter. Further inland, the climate becomes more continental, with some areas turning semi-arid (Köppen BSk), with colder winters and markedly hotter summers. The cool California Current offshore, enhanced by upwelling of cold sub-surface waters, often creates summer fog near the coast, creating a warm-summer Mediterranean climate ( Köppen climate classification Csb). Temperature range Snow on the ground in San Bernardino, Shandin Hills visible in the background The influence of the ocean generally moderates temperature extremes, creating warmer winters and substantially cooler summers in coastal areas. California's coastal regions, the Sierra Nevada foothills, and much of the Central Valley have a Mediterranean climate, with warmer, drier weather in summer and cooler, wetter weather in winter. The climate of California varies widely from hot desert to alpine tundra, depending on latitude, elevation, and proximity to the Pacific Coast. Golden Gate Bridge in fog Snow in the mountains of Southern California Summer in the Sierra Nevada at Lake Tahoe High precipitation in 2005 caused an ephemeral lake in the Badwater Basin of Death Valley. Köppen climate types of California, using 1991–2020 climate normals.
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